* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}

/* ========================= */
/* BODY & LAYOUT */
/* ========================= */

body {
  background: #f4f6f8;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

main {
  flex: 1;
}

/* ========================= */
/* HEADER */
/* ========================= */

header {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #003366;
}

.header-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: auto;
  padding: 12px 15px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.logo {
  height: 65px;
  width: auto;
}

nav a {
  margin: 0 10px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #003366;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
}

nav a:hover {
  color: #0056b3;
}

/* ========================= */
/* SECTIONS */
/* ========================= */

.section {
  display: none;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 15px auto;
  background: #ffffff;
  padding: 40px;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.section.active {
  display: block;
}

.section h2 {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  color: #003366;
}

.narrow {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: auto;
}

/* ========================= */
/* HOME */
/* ========================= */

.home-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.home-text {
  max-width: 65%;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.name {
  color: #003366;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.profile {
  width: 230px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

/* ========================= */
/* EDUCATION HERO */
/* ========================= */

.education-hero {
  position: relative;
  background: linear-gradient(
      rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25),
      rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25)
    ),
    url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1523240795612-9a054b0db644");
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  padding: 90px 20px;
  text-align: center;
}

.education-hero::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
}

.education-hero h1 {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 42px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #ffffff;
}

/* ========================= */
/* EDUCATION CONTENT */
/* ========================= */

.education-content {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 50px auto;
  padding: 0 20px;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
}

.edu-item {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.edu-item h3 {
  color: #1a5fb4;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.edu-item span {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-style: italic;
}

.edu-item p {
  margin: 4px 0;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.education-content hr {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
  margin: 30px 0;
}

/* ========================= */
/* RESEARCH HERO */
/* ========================= */

.research-hero {
  position: relative;
  background: linear-gradient(
      rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28),
      rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28)
    ),
    url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1518770660439-4636190af475");
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  height: 220px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.research-hero::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
}

.research-hero h1 {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 42px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #ffffff;
}

/* ========================= */
/* RESEARCH CONTENT */
/* ========================= */

/* ========================= */
/* RESEARCH TABS */
/* ========================= */

.research-tabs {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 15px;
  margin: 25px 0;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.tab-btn {
  padding: 10px 18px;
  border: 2px solid #003366;
  background: transparent;
  color: #003366;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.tab-btn.active {
  background: #003366;
  color: #ffffff;
}

/* ========================= */
/* TAB CONTENT */
/* ========================= */

.tab-panel {
  display: none;
}

.tab-panel.active {
  display: block;
}

/* Remove scroll box safely */
.research-vertical {
  max-height: none !important;
  overflow: visible !important;
}

/* ========================= */
/* MOBILE READABILITY */
/* ========================= */

.research-list li,
.pub-section li {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

/* Mobile spacing */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .tab-btn {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .pub-section h2 {
    font-size: 18px;
  }
}


.research-block {
  margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.research-block h3 {
  color: #003366;
  font-size: 18px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #003366;
  padding-bottom: 5px;
}

.research-block ul {
  padding-left: 20px;
}

.research-block li {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
}

.research-vertical hr {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
  margin: 20px 0;
}

/* Publications */
.pub-section {
  margin-top: 15px;
}

.pub-section h4 {
  color: #1a5fb4;
  font-size: 15px;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  border-left: 4px solid #1a5fb4;
  padding-left: 8px;
}

.pub-section ol {
  padding-left: 20px;
}

.pub-section li {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
}

/* ========================= */
/* FOOTER */
/* ========================= */

footer {
  background: #003366;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px;
}

/* ========================= */
/* RESPONSIBILITIES SECTION */
/* ========================= */

.responsibilities-center {
  text-align: center;
}

.resp-title {
  color: #003366;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.resp-list {
  list-style-type: square;
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: auto;
  padding-left: 20px;
  text-align: left;
  line-height: 1.8;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
}

.resp-list li {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

/* ========================= */
/* MISCELLANEOUS SECTION */
/* ========================= */

.misc-center {
  text-align: center;
}

/* Two-column layout */
.misc-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  margin-top: 30px;
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

/* Section main title */
.misc-title {
  color: #003366;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* Blue sub-headings — CENTERED */
.misc-subtitle {
  color: #003366;                /* IIIT Blue */
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #003366;
  padding-bottom: 6px;
  text-align: center;            /* CENTER BOTH SUBTOPICS */
}

/* Lists remain LEFT aligned */
.misc-block ul {
  list-style-type: square;
  padding-left: 20px;
  line-height: 1.8;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
  text-align: left;
}

.misc-block ul li {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* ========================= */
/* RESPONSIVE FIX */
/* ========================= */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .misc-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* ========================= */
/* NAVBAR RESPONSIVE */
/* ========================= */

.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  font-size: 28px;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: #003366;
}

/* Tablet View */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .header-container {
    padding: 10px 12px;
  }

  nav a {
    margin: 0 6px;
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .home-container {
    gap: 20px;
  }

  .home-text {
    max-width: 60%;
  }

  .profile {
    width: 200px;
  }
}

/* Mobile View */
@media (max-width: 768px) {

  .menu-toggle {
    display: block;
  }

  nav {
    position: absolute;
    top: 85px;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    background: #ffffff;
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    border-top: 2px solid #003366;
  }

  nav a {
    padding: 12px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  nav.show {
    display: flex;
  }

  .home-container {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .home-text {
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .profile {
    margin-top: 20px;
    width: 180px;
  }

  .section {
    padding: 25px 15px;
  }

  .research-vertical {
    max-height: none;
    overflow: visible;
  }
}
/* ========================= */
/* SMOOTH PAGE ANIMATIONS */
/* ========================= */

.section,
main {
  animation: fadeUp 0.5s ease-in-out;
}

@keyframes fadeUp {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(12px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* Navbar hover animation */
nav a {
  position: relative;
}

nav a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: -4px;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: #003366;
  transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

nav a:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}
/* ========================= */
/* ACTIVE NAVBAR LINK */
/* ========================= */

nav a.active {
  color: #0056b3;
  font-weight: 700;
}

nav a.active::after {
  width: 100%;
}
/* ========================= */
/* PAGE LOADER */
/* ========================= */

#page-loader {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: #ffffff;
  z-index: 9999;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: opacity 0.4s ease, visibility 0.4s ease;
}

#page-loader.hidden {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
}

.spinner {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border: 4px solid #ccc;
  border-top-color: #003366;
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: spin 0.9s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes spin {
  to {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
/* ========================= */
/* RESEARCH PAGE CLEANUP */
/* ========================= */

/* Ensure full-page scrolling */
.research-vertical {
  max-height: none !important;
  overflow: visible !important;
}

/* Improve readability */
.research-list li,
.pub-section li {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

/* Section spacing */
.research-block {
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

/* Mobile readability */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .research-block h2 {
    font-size: 20px;
  }

  .pub-section h3 {
    font-size: 17px;
  }
}
/* ========================= */
/* RESEARCH PAGE FIXES */
/* ========================= */

/* Remove fixed scroll box */
.research-vertical {
  max-height: none !important;
  overflow: visible !important;
}

/* Improve readability for long lists */
.pub-section ol li,
.research-block ul li {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

/* Better spacing between sections */
.pub-section {
  margin-top: 25px;
}

/* Mobile optimization */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .research-block h3 {
    font-size: 20px;
  }

  .pub-section h4 {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .section {
    padding: 25px 15px;
  }
}
/* ========================= */
/* HOME PAGE ENHANCEMENTS */
/* ========================= */

/* Subtle divider between sections */
.section .narrow {
  margin-top: 30px;
  padding-top: 25px;
  border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}

/* Improve paragraph readability */
.section p {
  line-height: 1.8;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

/* Headings refinement */
.section h2,
.section h3 {
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}

/* Research overview card feel */
.section .narrow {
  background: #fafafa;
  padding: 30px;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

/* Improve list appearance */
.section ul li {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

/* Subtle emphasis for highlights */
.section ul li::marker {
  color: #003366;
}

/* About section spacing */
.home-container {
  margin-bottom: 25px;
}

/* Mobile optimizations */
@media (max-width: 768px) {

  .section .narrow {
    padding: 20px 15px;
  }

  .section h2 {
    font-size: 20px;
  }

  .section h3 {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .section ul {
    padding-left: 18px;
  }
}
/* ========================= */
/* GOOGLE SCHOLAR BOX */
/* ========================= */

.scholar-box {
  max-width: auto;
  margin: 25px auto 35px auto;
  padding: 20px 25px;
  background: #f8f9fb;
  border-left: 4px solid #003366;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
}

.scholar-box p {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.scholar-btn {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  background: #003366;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: background 0.3s ease;
}

.scholar-btn:hover {
  background: #0056b3;
}

/* Mobile optimization */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .scholar-box {
    margin: 20px 15px;
    padding: 18px;
  }

  .scholar-btn {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
  }
}
/* ========================= */
/* NAVBAR OVERLAP FIX */
/* ========================= */

header {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1000;
}
/* ========================= */
/* HERO MOBILE FIX */
/* ========================= */

@media (max-width: 1024px) {

  /* All hero sections */
  .education-hero,
  .research-hero {
    margin-top: 15px;
    padding-top: 70px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {

  .education-hero,
  .research-hero {
    padding: 60px 15px;
    height: auto;
  }

  .education-hero h1,
  .research-hero h1 {
    font-size: 28px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  header {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    background: #ffffff;
  }
}